The Impact of New and Digital Media Case Study

Theories/ Issues and Debates and quotes

• Hegemony- Antonio Gramsci

" ... the systems of power cannot be maintained by force alone. People have to do things, willingly and happily to keep the powerful people on top".

http://www.suite101.com/content/hegemony-and-media-studies-a52278

- Hegemony and Media Studies, Naomi Rockler- Gladen

"... a process of moral and intellectual leadership through which dominant or subordinated classes consent to their own domination by ruling classes ".

http://www.english.emory.edu/Bahri/hegemony.html

- Hegemony and Antonio Gramsci , Dominic Mastroianni, 2002

• Marxism- Karl Marx

" The class which has the means of material production at its disposal has control at the same time over the means of mental production".

http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism03.html

- Marxist Media Theory, Daniel Chandler, 2000

• Liberal Pluralism

"There are multiple independent, sometimes competing sources of authority over our lives"

" Liberal democratic theory and the media are crucial to pluralism and a public sphere in which public opinion may be independently formed".

http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam033/2001043917.pdf

- Liberal Pluralism, The Implications of Value Pluralism for Political Theory and Practice, William Galston, University of Maryland, Cambridge University Press, 2002

• Globalisation- Manuel Castells

" ... results from deliberate human choice by a powerful group of nations, transnational corporations and international organisations".

" The new communications and information technologies have provided methods for large corporations to maximise profits by entering foreign markets".

" Globalisation has been largely driven by the needs of the developed world" (Grieco and Holmes 1999)

http://www.eurojournals.com/ejsr_29_1_08.pdf

- Globalization of Media: Key Issues and Dimensions, Mirza Jan, 2009

• The medium is the message - Marshall Macluhan

"... personal and social consequences of any medium result from the new scale that is introduced into our affairs by each extension of ourselves, or by any new technology"

http://individual.utoronto.ca/markfederman/article_mediumisthemessage.htm

- What is the Meaning of The Medium is the Message? Mark Federman, 2004

" In the electric age ,when our central nervous system is technologically extended to involve in the whole of mankind and to incorporate the whole of mankind in us, we necessarily participate... in the consequences of our every action.

http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Students/bas9401.html

- Marshall McLuhan's 'Global Village', Benjamin Symes, 1995

• Althusserian Marxism- Louis Althusser

"... represents the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence"

"... a determining force shaping consciousness, embodied in the material signifying practices of 'ideological state apparatuses', and enjoying 'relative autonomy".

http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism09.html

- Marxist Media Theory-Althusser, Daniel Chandler, 2000

• Political Economy Perspective in the Media

"... a political economy of new media insists on examination of the circumstances that give rise to any given distribution of power and of the consequences to consumers and citizens".

http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/762/1/NMISsnt2.pdf

- Political Economy, power and new media, Robin Mansell LSE, 2004

• Homogenisation

"... in developing countries most of the people participate to global culture through embellished images of carrying consumption dreams that won't ever be reached."

"Consumerism generates hunger for material status symbols, new material needs".

http://www.krepublishers.com/06-Special%20Volume-Journal/JHE-00-Special%20Volumes/JHE-12-Soc-Respons-Life-Sci-Web/JHE-SI-12-28-235-239-Firouzeh-N/JHE-SI-12-28-235-239-Firouzeh-N-Text.pdf

- Globalisation and Homogenisation of Culture: The Role of Mass Medias in Developing Countries, Nahavandi Firouzeh, 2004

• Convergence/ Technological Convergence in the media

" Established companies will find in convergence and opportunity to operate more efficiently, increase returns on technology investments and realise other business benefits".

http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/youngminds/2007/essays/PapadakisSteliosYM2007.pdf

- Technological Convergence: Opportunities and Challenges, Stellios Papadakis

"Technological convergence also leads to devices that are designed specifically to replace a number of different devices. "

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-technological-convergence.htm

-What is Technological Convergence? Brendan McGuigan, 2011